A digital signature certificate (DSC) is a secure digital key issued by recognised certifying authorities to validate the identity of the certificate holder. A digital signature certificate (DSC) includes information such as the user's name, pin code, country, email address, certificate issuance date, and certifying authority's name.
Apart from authenticating the certificate holder’s identity, an online digital signature helps in the following ways:
When conducting business online, a DSC helps in authenticating the personal information of the individual holder.
The DSC's enhanced security features avoid unauthorised access to your documents and records. No one can forge your signature, tamper with the records, or change the contents of your paper. Your DSC verifies and authenticates the signature.
Digital signatures ensure a smoother workflow in an organization by limiting the time and cost spent on signing documents and contracts. Documents can be signed by the required persons in a click of a button. This is especially useful when the signer is located in a different area and there is no dependency for him/her to be physically present.
Digitally signed documents cannot be changed or modified after they have been signed, making the records safe and stable. These certificates are often required by government entities in order to cross-check and validate business transactions.
At Vakilsearch, we issue only Class 3 DSCs. However, you can find the information about Class 1 for reference purposes.
The Class 1 certificate is issued to businesses, individuals, or private subscribers merely to confirm the user’s name and email id as mentioned in the consumer database. This is just a basic assurance and is usually not considered to be of major significance.
The Class 3 DSC is now mandated to be used for all types of transactions in India. It is issued to individuals and organisations that want to participate in bidding for government tenders or online tenders and auctions. Sometimes, applicants may be expected to be physically present before their CAs to receive a Class 3 certificate.
Note: The Class 2 DSC has been discontinued as of 1 January 2021. For all purposes including income tax, PF, GST, RoC filings, tenders, and so on, the guidelines state that the Class 3 DSC should be used and the Class 1 DSC will no longer be accepted.
A DSC is created based on the PKI mechanism where two keys, a public key and a private key, are generated. The private key is kept by the signer and the public key is required by the receiver to decrypt the information regarding the identity of the user during an information exchange. The user can store the private key on a computer or hard disk as a token and access it with their respective password issued.
During the transfer of information, both the keys are used by the browser and the server to encrypt and decrypt information to authorise the identity of the user. The public key is disseminated with the encrypted information. The authentication process fails even if one of the keys does not match. Hence, the encrypted data cannot be decrypted, making unauthorised access impossible.
- ID proof:Passport/Driving License or any Photo Identity issued by the Govt.
- PAN Card
- Address proof: Aadhaar Card/Voter ID/Driving License/Registration Certificate
- Attesting Officer Proof
- Organizational PAN
- Partnership Deed, if applicable
- List of authorised signatories which could be the list of Directors, Board Resolution, etc.
- Authorised Signatory ID Proof
- GST Certificate
For Indian companies, the documents may differ depending upon the type of entity like partnership, proprietorship, sole ownership, LLP, etc.
- Attested copy of Applicant’s Passport
- Attested copy of Visa, if the applicant is out of their native country
- Attested copy of resident permit certificate, if the applicant is in India
- Attested copy of any govt-issued address proof
An authorisation letter must be sought with the respective company seal and signature from the:
- Embassy of the native country (If the applicant is out of their native country)
- Apostilled by the native country after a public notary (if the country is in the Hague Convention). For example, Austria, Greece, Oman, Australia, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, etc.
- Consularized by the native country, after a public notary (if the country is not in the Hague Convention). For example, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, etc.
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